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At this point, the server is a crime scene. An attacker is running arbitrary commands as the confluence  user, meaning they are able to access everything in Confluence, regardless of permissions. Think through what your Confluence instance contains. Passwords to external systems? Confidential data about your business? Confidential information about clients? The implications of a breach depend on what confidential is stored, and the laws of your country. In Australia, you may have legal obligations under the Notifiable Data Breaches scheme, and may want to report the intrusion at https://www.cyber.gov.au/report

The point being, a hacked server represents a problem way beyond your pay grade as a humble system administrator. The response must be at multiple levels: 

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Now everything you see, even ephemeral information like top  output output, is logged.

Log network activity

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Oops. The Confluence system was, indeed, out of date, and vulnerable to the 2019-03-20 security vulnerability.

For reference, the kerberods binary I found had signatures:

sha19a6ae3e9bca3e5c24961abf337bc839048d094ed
md5b39d9cbe6c63d7a621469bf13f3ea466

Application-level vulnerabilities

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